资料来源:《考博英语真题解析》育明教育出品,北外夏衍教授主编
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Part I: Vocabulary and Structure (30%)
Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.
1. Language, culture, and personality may be considered ____ of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact.
A. | indistinctly | B. | separately | C. | relevantly | D. | independently |
2. The work was done in the ____ of reforms in the economic, social and cultural spheres.
A. | context | B. | contest | C. | pretext | D. | texture |
3. The dean tried to retain control of the situation on campus, but his attempt was ____ by the board of trustees.
A. | Approved | B. | frustrated | C. | disclosed | D. | justified |
4. Some journalists are found of overstating the situations so that their news may create a great ____.
A. | explosion | B. | sensation | C. | exaggerating | D. | stimulation |
5. There was little, if any, evidence to substantiate the gossip and, ____ there was little to disprove it.
A. | by the same token | B. | under the same condition |
C. | at the same stage | D. | for the same purpose |
6. Every chemical change either results from energy being used to produce the change, or causes energy to be ____ in some form.
A. | given off | B. | put out | C. | set off | D. | used up |
7. The United Nation Law of the Sea Conference would soon produce an ocean-mining treaty following its ____ declaration in 1970 that oceans were the heritage of mankind.
A. | unanimous | B. | abstract | C. | autonomous | D. | almighty |
8. This growth in the ____ of diabetes is due, in part, to an increase in obesity.
A. | inference | B. | incidence | C. | regulation | D. | repetition |
9. Preliminary estimation puts the figure at around $110 billion, ____ the $160 billion the President is struggling to get through the Congress.
A. | in proportion to | B. | in reply to | C. | in relation to | D. | in contrast to |
10. France’s ____ of nuclear testing in the South Pacific last month triggered political debates and mass demonstrations.
A. | assumption | B. | consumption | C. | presumption | D. | resumption |
11. The ____ of a natural phenomenon is usually a logical consequence of some physical aspect in the life style of the people.
A. | implementation | B. | demonstration | C. | manifestation | D. | expedition |
12. Reading ____ the mind only with materials of knowledge, it is thinking that makes what we read ours.
A. | rectifies | B. | prolongs | C. | minimizes | D. | furnishes |
13. Previous studies provoked ____ because the used patients whose diagnosis was questionable.
A. | contribution | B. | contraction | C. | controversy | D. | convergence |
14. Although the model looks good on the surface, it will not bear close ____.
A. | temperament | B. | contamination | C. | scrutiny | D. | symmetry |
15. I never said anything like that at all. You are purposely my ideas to prove your points.
A. | revising | B. | contradicting | C. | distorting | D. | distracting |
16. To survive in the intense trade competition between countries, companies must ____ the qualities and varieties of their products to the world-market demand.
A. | forfeit | B. | enhance | C. | guarantee | D. | gear |
17. I was unaware of the critical points involved, so my choice was quite ____.
A. | arbitrary | B. | rational | C. | mechanical | D. | unpredictable |
18. An important property of a scientific theory is its ability to ____ further research and further thinking about a particular topic.
A. | stimulate | B. | renovate | C. | arouse | D. | advocate |
19. All the off-shore oil explorers were in high spirits as they read ____ letters from their families.
A. | affectionate | B. | sentimental | C. | intimate | D. | sensitive |
20. Whoever formulated the theory of the origin of the universe, it is just ____ and needs proving.
A. | spontaneous | B. | hypothetical | C. | intuitive | D. | empirical |
21. The ceremony will ____ as soon as the president arrives.
A. | commend | B. | comply | C. | confront | D. | commence |
22. The barbarous aggressors grew more and more ____ in slaughtering people and burning down their houses.
A. | amorphous | B. | ferocious | C. | audacious | D. | egregious |
23. Some of the words employed by Shakespeare in his works have become ____ and are no longer used in the present days.
A. | obsolete | B. | obscene | C. | obvious | D. | oblique |
24. Because of the economic slowdown, the government changed its policy to ____ revenue by limiting commerce.
A. | disregard | B. | challenge | C. | diminish | D. | reject |
25. The spectators in the stadium cheered up when they saw hundreds of colorful balloons slowly ____ into the sky.
A. | descending | B. | ascending | C. | escalating | D. | elevating |
26. An increasing proportion of our population, unable to live without advanced medical ____, will become progressively more reliant on expensive technology.
A. | interference | B. | interruption | C. | intervention | D. | interaction |
27. Several international events in the early 1990s seem likely to ____, or at least weaken, the trends that emerged in the 1980s.
A. | revolt | B. | revolve | C. | reverse | D. | revive |
28. Foreign disinvestments and the ____ of South Africa from world capital markets after 1985 further weakened its economy.
A. | displacement | B. | elimination | C. | exclusion | D. | exception |
29. We are moving towards a more ____ about who their new teacher would be when the bell rang for their first class in the new semester.
A. | foreseeing | B. | speculating | C. | fabricating | D. | pondering |
参考答案:
1. 选D。句义:在思想中,语言,文化、个性可能被认为是彼此独立的,但事实上他们分不开。A项indistinctly指朦胧地;不明了地;B项separately指分别地;分离地;个别地;C项 irrelevantly指不相干地,不切题地;不合适地;D项Independently指独立地;自立地。本题考查词义辨析。be independent of指不依赖……,独立于……”;indistinct指不清楚的,模糊的,不和介词 of搭配;separated指分离的,和介词from搭配;irrelevant指不切题的,不相关的,和介词to搭配。根据句意和搭配选D。
2. 选A。句义:我们正在做的这份工作是因为经济、社会、文化领域改革的需要。A项context指环境;上下文;来龙去脉;B项contest指竞赛;争夺;争论;C项pretext指借口;托辞;D项texture指借口;托辞。注意in the context of意思是在……情况下;在……背景下;根据句意和搭配选A。
3. 选B。句义:院长试图保持对校园内情况的控制,但是他的尝试受到了董事会的阻挠。A项approve指批准;赞成;为……提供证据;B项frustrate指挫败;阻挠;使感到灰心;C项disclose指公开;揭露;D项justify指证明……是正当的;替……辩护。根据句意选B。
4. 选B。句义:有些记者喜欢夸大情况以使他们的新闻产生很大的轰动效果。A项explosion指爆炸;爆发;激增;B项sensation指感觉;轰动;感动;C项exaggerating指夸大,夸张;夸大其词;exaggerate的现在分词;D项Stimulation指。根据句意选B。
5. 选A。句义:几乎没有证据能证实流言,然而由于同样原因也没有证据能反证流言。A项 by the same token指同样地,由于同样原因;B项under the same condition指在同样的条件下;C项at the same stage指在同一个阶段;D项 for the same purpose指出于同样的目的。根据句意选A。
6. 选A。句义:任何化学变化不是由耗费能量产生变化就是使能量以某种形式释放。A项give off指发出(光等);长出(枝、杈等);B项 put out指熄灭;伸出;出版;使不方便,打扰;C项set off指出发;引起;动身;使爆炸;抵销;分开;D项use up指用完,耗尽。根据句意选A。
7. 选A。句义:1970年曾达成一致的宣言,认为海洋是全人类的遗产,联合国海洋法会议不久将根据这个宣言订立海洋采矿公约。A项 unanimous指全体一致的;意见一致的;无异议的;B项abstract指抽象的;深奥的;C项 autonomous指自治的;自主的;自发的;D项almighty指全能的;有无限权力的。根据句意选A。
8. 选B。句义:在某种程度上,糖尿病的发生率由于肥胖而上升。A项inference指推理;推论;推断;B项 incidence指发生率;影响;C项regulation指管理;规则;校准;D项repetition指重复;背诵;副本。根据句意选B。
9. 选D。句义:最初估计大概要1100亿美元,然而现在却要1600百亿,总统正苦于向国会寻求拨款。A项in proportion to指与……成比例,与……相称;B项in reply to指答复;C项 in relation to指关于;涉及;D项in contrast to指与……形成对照。根据句意选D。
10. 选D。句义:法国上月在南太平洋恢复核试验引起了政治辩论和群众抗议。A项 assumption指假定;设想;担任;采取;B项consumption指消费;消耗;C项presumption指放肆,傲慢;推测;D项resumption指恢复;重新开始;取回;重获。根据句意选D。